Systematic Approach to the Design of Rotary Croppers of Wooden Materials

Abstract

The importance of the development of effective designs of shredders of wood materials as a means of obtaining alternative sources of energy for industry and the population is indicated. The requirements for the devices used for the secondary grinding of wood materials, which relate to the size and homogeneity of the fraction of the crushed material, are given.

The conducted analysis of known technical solutions of shredders made it possible to highlight the characteristic features of this design object, enabling to systematize them using the methods of system analysis. As a result of its implementation according to constructive, technological, economic and design parameters, main elements of the parametric space were selected in the form of a volumetric matrix.

At the stage of creating a new design of a wood waste shredder, only the structural parameters that are typical for such work were analyzed. The stages of detailing, reflecting the subordination of the parametric space, according to which the research was carried out, were determined. As a result of the study of the parametric space of the studied object, according to such stages of detailing as universality, mechanization, type, variety, structure, characteristics of the structure, mode of operation, a classification of shredders was developed, which enables to correctly assess the general trends in the creation of shredders, to determine the ways of creating new developments and improvement of the existing ones, as well as to develop an algorithm for their design.

Using the proposed system approach, which made it possible to perform a purposeful search for a new technical solution with predetermined properties, a new shredder design was developed. It is characterized by high gear ratios and significant rigidity of the structure due to the smaller dimensions of the transmission mechanism, small radial dimensions of the drum, which is provided by the design of the collapsible support element, which allows you to arrange the hydraulic motor and the transmission mechanism in the middle, coaxially with the drum body. This design of the shredder allows to ensure high-quality indicators of secondary grinding of wood materials, from which pellets are made, with a high calorific value.