Analysis of the Travel Behavior of Ukrainian Population During the Initial Phase of Full-Scale Invasion
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31649/1997-9266-2023-171-6-65-70Keywords:
travel behavior, transport flow formation, disruptions, evacuation during the warAbstract
The impact of various emergency events on transportation systems is of interest to many scientists. At the same time, understanding the changes in traffic flows during wartime is not well researched in the world scientific community. However, understanding the principles of movement of residents during such large-scale events will allow for a better and faster response and ensure better functioning of transport systems in an emergency situations. The paper investigates main features of the formation of transport behavior of the population of Ukraine at the beginning of the full-scale invasion of Russia. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted among people who were in Ukraine as of February 24, 2022. Responses were received from residents of all regions of the country (except for the Autonomous Republic of Crimea) and all age groups. Evacuation was defined as leaving one’s permanent place of residence for a period of one month or more, unless the person had returned to the original settlement earlier. The distribution of the number of responses from respondents who evacuated and those who did not is approximately the same. Among those who refused to evacuate, the reasons for this decision are examined. The conditions under which the respondents were forced to leave their settlements are also analyzed. The percentage distribution of evacuation distances from the primary place of residence is determined. The data on the time of the decision to leave their homes since the beginning of the big war were obtained. In addition, the main directions of evacuation were identified. The increase in traffic and often the reduced capacity, or even the inability to follow the usual route, created a situation for some respondents where they had to spend much more time traveling to their destination than under normal conditions. Therefore, the time residents spent evacuating and the distance to the (temporary) shelter from their settlements were also analyzed. The results of this work are important for further analysis and will be compared with the data obtained by means of transportation modeling.
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