Determination of the Quantitative Content of Harmful Emissions during the Combustion of Gaseous Fuels

Abstract

Modern world is increasingly facing problems of environmental pollution and depletion of natural resources. The use of traditional energy sources, such as natural gas, is accompanied by the emission of harmful substances that contribute to global warming and negatively affect human health. In this context, more attention is being paid to the alternative energy sources, particularly biogas, which is produced through anaerobic digestion of organic waste. Biogas can not only provide environmentally clean energy but also contribute to waste disposal, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and strengthen energy security.

The aim of the research was to determine the optimal fuel for the DKVR-10 boiler in terms of ecological activity, taking into account the levels of harmful emissions and energy efficiency. The analysis was carried out by evaluating the gross emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), and carbon monoxide (CO) during the combustion of different types of fuel.

The results of the study showed that biofuel demonstrates significantly lower SO₂ emissions compared to traditional energy sources (0.00025 g/GJ versus 0.0059…0.0071 g/GJ for natural gas). NOₓ emissions remain constant for all the fuel types studied (54.16 g/GJ). However, biofuel showed higher levels of CO₂ emissions (91.99 g/GJ), which is explained by its high energy density.

The obtained results allow for a more accurate assessment of the impact of different types of fuel on the environment and contribute to the development of measures to reduce harmful emissions. The use of biofuel is a promising direction for the development of environmentally clean energy, but it requires further improvement of combustion technologies to minimize greenhouse gas emissions.